The following resources have been made available to individuals and groups who object to having a NBN in a community on condition that it is understood that we recommend they seek legal and professional advice before using the resources if the parties do not have a mature understanding of common law relating to the serving of legal notices of intent.
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Copy of a NBN lease agreement for landowners in NSW
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Templates for serving a notice
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The Australian Network of Environmental Defenders Offices Offers free legal advice via environmental law centres located in each State and Territory of Australia. Each EDO is dedicated to protecting the environment in the public interest. They provide legal representation and advice, take an active role in environmental law reform and policy formulation, and offer a significant education program designed to facilitate public participation in environmental decision making.
USING THE LAW IN COMMUNITY CAMPAIGNS (Brilliant advice and a must read for anyone embarking on this journey)
How to fight and how not to fight - Andrew Sinclair handout, EDO AGM - September 2008
Questions in Australian Parliament (June 2012) re the Australian telecommunication industry unable to obtain public liability insurance for potential health effects of EMR. Interestingly, there is no financial provision for the Australian government to cover future liability claims and health costs for Australians for illnesses caused by EMR. The government admits that the Australian standard includes a precautionary requirement to minimise unnecessary public exposure but that no precautionary limits per se have yet been set. However, it appears that the minimisation of exposure is subservient to the achievement of service objectives, process requirements and costs. The justification is that the WHO report was based on limited evidence, but they did not quote from the report: "the evidence, while still accumulating, is strong enough to support a conclusion and the 2B classification. The conclusion means that there could be some risk, and therefore we need to keep a close watch for a link between cell phones and cancer risk."
The Conceits of Setting EMF Standards: Australia To Triple Its Limit to 3,000 mG
"What prompted Wood and ARPANSA to triple the limit? How did it happen and why? A simple explanation would be that the government wanted to make it easier to site new power lines and substations. If the public could be convinced that EMFs are innocuous except at extremely high levels, a major stumbling block would be cleared away. No doubt, that's part of the story. The rest is about how Wood and ARPANSA tried to make it appear as if the new standard is based on what is new, well-established biomedical knowledge. To accomplish that, they relied on an excess of artifice. We call them conceits ..."
Note: safety limits suggest that those set are proven safe. It does not. ARPANSA is not a health body, and like many safety standard boards it is not legally liable for the standards it "creates". The burden of proof lies with the population or the individual consumer of the services that are influenced by the standards. In the case of ARPANSA they tend to reference the WHO, but as evidenced by the recent increase in the exposure limits, they are in conflict with WHO because they have refused to acknowledge the new rating of EMR as being a potential carcinogenic and they have also refused to accept the advice that a precautionary approach should be taken that does not allow commercial interest of cost and expediency to over-ride risk.
NBN myths: debunking the FUD on the NBN
Let me make one fact absolutely clear from the beginning: Despite what you may have read from certain clueless commentators, there is not a single country or telecommunications company anywhere in the World that is attempting to replace fixed networks with wireless in urban areas, or even planning to do so in the future.
The concise explanation
- Physical limitations prevent practical wireless speeds from approaching those available over fibre-optic cables
- There is insufficient radio spectrum to allow wireless to replace fixed networks
- To even partially overcome the above limitations, we would need to build over 75,000 new mobile transmission towers across Australia
- Wireless network connections are prohibitively expensive, typically being 3-4 times more expensive, for less data volume and at a much slower speed.
Radiofrequency emissions and negative effects on heart attack, epilepsy, and neurological disturbances, including idiopathic pain
As radiofrequency emissions associated with microwave towers, Wifi and mobile phone infrastructure are not biologically inert and as far as we know no provision exists for our government to identify those vulnerable and then protect them from harm, especially for those taking calcium channel blockers for heart disease. For example, the biological effects of these emissions negatively influence the electro-chemical function of low voltage-gated calcium channels within the body which control cardiac action potentials, neurotransmitter release, muscle contraction, calcium-dependent gene transcription and synaptic transmission. Negative effects are experienced as neurological disorders, heart arrhythmias, thalamocortical dysrhythmia (epilepsy) and possibly idiopathic chronic pain. There will be increased risks of exposure in the future when the stated additional infrastructure, which may include next generation mobile phone frequencies from these towers. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3010275/
Evidence collected to date to support a notice (Click highlighted link to download)
Electromagnetic fields act via activation of voltage-gated calcium channels to produce beneficial or adverse effects Martin L Pall; J Cell Mol Med. Aug 2013; 17(8): 958–965.
Safe Schools 2012 Medical and Scientific Experts Call for Safe Technologies in Schools
BioInitiative 2012 A Rationale for Biologically-based. Exposure Standards for Low-Intensity Electromagnetic Radiation
BioInitiative Working Group 2012
Biological effects from radio-frequency radiation at low-intensity exposure Ronald M Powell
34 Scientific Studies Showing Adverse Health Effects From Wi-Fi
Here is an excellent collection of scientific papers finding adverse biological effects or damage to health from Wi-Fi signals, Wi-Fi-enabled devices or Wi-Fi frequencies (2.4 or 5 GHz), complied by campaign group WiFi In Schools
Download a PDF of the abstracts of the studies
The ARPANSA Radiofrequency Radiation Exposure Standard
The Standard incorporates a “precautionary approach” which requires owners of RF sources to minimise unnecessary exposure of the public to RF fields. Australian regulators and codes of practice will decide how this statement is applied. From the Parliamentary questions it appears that the minimisation of exposure is subservient to the achievement of service objectives, process requirements and costs.
BioInitiative 2012
A Rationale for Biologically-based Exposure Standards for Low-Intensity Electromagnetic Radiation BioInitiative Working Group 2012
Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure Why children absorb more microwave radiation than adults: The consequences
Australian Government Radiation Protection Agency Due to the lack of scientific evidence on mobile and cordless phone use by children, ARPANSA recommends that parents encourage their children to limit their exposure.
Administrative Appeals Tribunal of Australia Comcare is liable to pay to Dr McDonald compensation in accordance with the Safety, Rehabilitation and Compensation Act 1988 (Cth) in respect of an injury, being a chronic adjustment disorder with depressed moods; (1) aggravation of an electromagnetic hypersensitivity syndrome (2) chronic adjustment disorder with depressed moods (3 permanent impairment which has resulted from the adjustment disorder(4) migraines
Effect of cell phone usage on semen analysis in men attending infertility clinic: an observational study
A comparison of WiFi emissions to research Table
Martin L Pall Electromagnetic fields act via activation of voltage-gated calcium channels to produce beneficial or adverse effects
This website is dedicated to helping the public realize that wireless internet, or WiFi, emits radiation that causes a myriad of serious health effects, including damage to DNA, cancer, and infertility. Research shows that autism, ADHD, and other behavioral problems are also associated with wireless radiation exposure. Many scientific and medical experts have issued warnings because of the evidence before them.
Open letter: Wi-Fi in the LAUSD related to Agenda Item 12.
Dr. Magda Havas, B.Sc., Ph.D. Environmental & Resource Studies, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
"The scientific evidence clearly shows that microwave radiation at levels well below the Federal Communication Commission (FCC) guidelines and at levels now commonly found inside classrooms with Wi-Fi routers causes cancer in laboratory animals, causes heart palpitations in sensitive adults, causes reduced sperm motility and viability, and is associated with symptoms of electrosensitivity that include–but are not limited to–cognitive dysfunction, pain, fatigue, mood disorders (depression, anxiety, irritability), dizziness, nausea, weakness, skin problems, and tinnitus."
"The current guidelines for microwave radiation are based on a heating effect of a healthy adult male (as they were originally designed for military personnel working near radar antennas). These guidelines were never designed nor intended to protect children and pregnant women. The guideline in the U.S. is calculated as the average exposure over a 30-minute period that does not raise the body temperature of tissue by 1 degree Celsius. The U.S. has no long-term guidelines and no biological guidelines for microwave radiation. The guidelines in Russia, Switzerland and many other countries are 100 times more protective than those in the United States. This simply does not make sense as the people in these countries are not necessarily more vulnerable. It seems that their government is taking greater precautions to protect its citizens."
World Health Organisation IARC CLASSIFIES RADIOFREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS AS POSSIBLY CARCINOGENIC TO HUMANS
The evidence was reviewed critically, and overall evaluated as being limited2 among users of wireless telephones for glioma and acoustic neuroma, and inadequate3 to draw conclusions for other types of cancers. The evidence from the occupational and environmental exposures mentioned above was similarly judged inadequate. The Working Group did not quantitate the risk; however, one study of past cell phone use (up to the year 2004), showed a 40% increased risk for gliomas in the highest category of heavy users (reported average: 30 minutes per day over a 10‐year period).
Conclusions
Dr Jonathan Samet (University of Southern California, USA), overall Chairman of the Working Group, indicated that "the evidence, while still accumulating, is strong enough to support a conclusion and the 2B classification. The conclusion means that there could be some risk, and therefore we need to keep a close watch for a link between cell phones and cancer risk."
"Given the potential consequences for public health of this classification and findings," said IARC Director Christopher Wild, "it is important that additional research be conducted into the long‐term, heavy use of mobile phones. Pending the availability of such information, it is important
to take pragmatic measures to reduce exposure such as hands‐free devices or texting. "
Roberta C. Barbalace. A Brief History of Asbestos Use and Associated Health Risks. EnvironmentalChemistry.com. Oct. 2004. Accessed on-line: 8/28/2014 Interestingly enough, the hazards of asbestos were recorded as early as Roman times. As early as 1908 insurance companies began decreasing policies and benefits for asbestos workers. By 1978 documented studies were beginning to demonstrate the extent to which asbestos workers had been affected. Documents reveal that asbestos manufacturers were aware of the health risks related to exposure to asbestos from the 1940s and 1950s, but chose to conceal this information from their employees. In the 1970s, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) began to regulate asbestos. The first medical article on the hazards of asbestos dust appeared in the British Medical Journal in 1924.
Papers finding adverse biological effects or damage to health from Wi-Fi signals, Wi-Fi-enabled devices or Wi-Fi frequencies (2.4 or 5 GHz).
Papers listed are only those where exposures were below 16V/m. Someone using a Wi-Fi-enabled tablet computer can be exposed to electromagnetic fields up to 16V/m. Papers are in alphabetical order. Thanks to wifiinschools
Some of the references to peer reviewed studies relating to exposure to WiFi
• Atasoy H.I. et al., 2013. Immunohistopathologic demonstration of deleterious effects on growing rat testes of radiofrequency waves emitted from conventional Wi-Fi devices. Journal of Pediatric Urology 9(2): 223-229. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22465825
• Avendaño C. et al., 2012. Use of laptop computers connected to internet through Wi-Fi decreases human sperm motility and increases sperm DNA fragmentation. Fertility and Sterility 97(1): 39-45. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22112647
• Aynali G. et al., 2013. Modulation of wireless (2.45 GHz)-induced oxidative toxicity in laryngotracheal mucosa of rat by melatonin. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 270(5): 1695-1700. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23479077
• Dasdag S. et al., 2014. Effect of long-term exposure of 2.4 GHz radiofrequency radiation emitted from Wi-Fi equipment on testes functions. Electromagn Biol Med. Epub ahead of print. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24460421
• Gumral N. et al., 2009. Effects of selenium and L-carnitine on oxidative stress in blood of rat induced by 2.45-GHz radiation from wireless devices. Biol Trace Elem Res. 132(1-3): 153-163. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19396408
• Gürler H.S. et al, 2014. Increased DNA oxidation (8-OHdG) and protein oxidation (AOPP) by Low level electromagnetic field (2.45 GHz) in rat brain and protective effect of garlic. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. Epub ahead of print. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24844368
• Havas M. et al., 2010. Provocation study using heart rate variability shows microwave radiation from 2.4GHz cordless phone affects autonomic nervous system. European Journal of Oncology Library Vol. 5: 273-300. http://www.icems.eu/papers.htm?f=/c/a/2009/12/15/MNHJ1B49KH.DTL part 2.
• Havas M. and Marrongelle J. 2013. Replication of heart rate variability provocation study with 2.45GHz cordless phone confirms original findings. Electromagn Biol Med 32(2): 253-266. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23675629
• Maganioti A. E. et al., 2010. Wi-Fi electromagnetic fields exert gender related alterations on EEG. 6th International Workshop on Biological Effects of Electromagnetic fields. http://www.istanbul.edu.tr/6internatwshopbioeffemf/cd/pdf/poster/WI-FI%20ELECTROMAGNETIC%20FIELDS%20EXERT%20GENDER.pdf
• Margaritis L.H. et al., 2013. Drosophila oogenesis as a bio-marker responding to EMF sources. Electromagn Biol Med., Epub ahead of print. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23915130
• Naziroğlu M. and Gumral 2009. Modulator effects of L-carnitine and selenium on wireless devices (2.45 GHz)-induced oxidative stress and electroencephalography records in brain of rat. Int J Radiat Biol. 85(8): 680-689. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19637079
• Nazıroğlu M. et al., 2012. 2.45-Gz wireless devices induce oxidative stress and proliferation through cytosolic Ca2+ influx in human leukemia cancer cells. International Journal of Radiation Biology 88(6): 449–456. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22489926
• Nazıroğlu M. et al., 2012b. Melatonin modulates wireless (2.45 GHz)-induced oxidative injury through TRPM2 and voltage gated Ca(2+) channels in brain and dorsal root ganglion in rat. Physiol Behav. 105(3): 683-92. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22019785
• Ozorak A. et al., 2013. Wi-Fi (2.45 GHz)- and mobile phone (900 and 1800 MHz)- induced risks on oxidative stress and elements in kidney and testis of rats during pregnancy and the development of offspring. Biol. Trace Elem. Res. 156(103): 221-229. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24101576
• Oksay T. et al., 2012. Protective effects of melatonin against oxidative injury in rat testis induced by wireless (2.45 GHz) devices. Andrologia doi: 10.1111/and.12044, Epub ahead of print. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23145464
• Papageorgiou C. C. et al., 2011. Effects of Wi-Fi signals on the p300 component of event-related potentials during an auditory hayling task. Journal of Integrative Neuroscience 10(2): 189-202. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21714138
• (Wi-Fi alters brain activity in young adults: http://wifiinschools.org.uk/resources/wifi+brain+July+2011.pdf)
• Salah M.B. et al., 2013. Effects of olive leave extract on metabolic disorders and oxidative stress induced by 2.45 GHz WIFI signals. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 36(3): 826-834. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23994945
• Sangun O. et al., 2014. The effects of long-term exposure to a 2450MHz electromagnetic field on growth and pubertal development in female Wistar rats. Electromagn Biol Med. Epub ahead of print. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24460416
• Shahin S. et al., 2013. 2.45 GHz Microwave Irradiation-Induced Oxidative Stress Affects Implantation or Pregnancy in Mice, Mus musculus. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 169: 1727–1751. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23334843
• Shahin S. et al., 2014. Microwave irradiation adversely affects reproductive function in male mouse, Mus musculus, by inducing oxidative and nitrosative stress. Free Radic Res. 48(5): 511-525. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24490664
• Tök L. et al., 2014. Effects of melatonin on Wi-Fi-induced oxidative stress in lens of rats. Indian Journal of Opthalmology 62(1): 12-15. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24492496
• Türker Y. et al., 2011. Selenium and L-carnitine reduce oxidative stress in the heart of rat induced by 2.45-GHz radiation from wireless devices. Biol Trace Elem Res. 143(3): 1640-1650. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21360060
A few more studies of similar microwave frequencies at low exposures (6V/m or below):
• Balmori A. 2010. Mobile phone mast effects on common frog (Rana temporaria) tadpoles: the city turned into a laboratory. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 29(1-2):31-35. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20560769
• Erdinc O. O. et al., 2003. Electromagnetic waves of 900MHz in acute pentylenetetrazole model in ontogenesis in mice. Neurol. Sci. 24:111-116. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14600821
• Fesenko E. E. et al., 1999. Stimulation of murine natural killer cells by weak electromagnetic waves in the centimeter range. Biofizika 44:737–741. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10544828
• Fesenko E. E. et al., 1999. Microwaves and cellular immunity. I. Effect of whole body microwave irradiation on tumor necrosis factor production in mouse cells, Bioelectrochem. Bioenerg. 49:29–35. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10619445
• Kesari K. K. and Behari J., 2009. Microwave exposure affecting reproductive system in male rats. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 162(2):416-428. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19768389
• Kesari K. K. and Behari J., 2009. Fifty-gigahertz microwave exposure effect of radiations on rat brain. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 158:126-139. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19089649
• Khurana V. G. et al., 2010. Epidemiological Evidence for a Health Risk from Mobile Phone Base Stations. Int. J. Occup. Environ. Health 16:263–267. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20662418
• Maier R. et al., 2004. Effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields on cognitive processes – a pilot study on pulsed field interference with cognitive regeneration. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica 110: 46-52. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15180806
• Nittby H. et al., 2008. Cognitive impairment in rats after long-term exposure to GSM-900 mobile phone radiation. Bioelectromagnetics 29: 219-232. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18044737
• Novoselova E. G. et al., 1998. Stimulation of production of tumor necrosis factor by murine macrophages when exposed in vivo and in vitro to weak electromagnetic waves in the centimeter range Bofizika 43:1132–1333.
• Novoselova E. G. et al., 1999. Microwaves and cellular immunity. II. Immunostimulating effects of microwaves and naturally occurring antioxidant nutrients. Bioelectrochem. Bioenerg. 49:37–41. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10619446
• Otitoloju A. A. et al., 2010. Preliminary study on the induction of sperm head abnormalities in mice, Mus musculus, exposed to radiofrequency radiations from Global System for Mobile Communication Base Stations. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 84(1):51-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19816647
• Panagopoulos D. J.et al., 2010. Bioeffects of mobile telephony radiation in relation to its intensity or distance from the antenna. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. Vol 86(5):345-357. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20397839
• Persson B. R. R. et al., 1997. Blood-brain barrier permeability in rats exposed to electromagnetic fields used in wireless communication. Wireless Networks 3: 455-461.
• Pyrpasopoulou A. et al., 2004. Bone morphogenic protein expression in newborn kidneys after prenatal exposure to radiofrequency radiation. Bioelectromagnetics 25:216-27. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15042631
• Salford L. G. et al., 2010. Effects of microwave radiation upon the mammalian blood-brain barrier. European Journal of Oncology Library Vol. 5:333-355. http://www.icems.eu/papers.htm?f=/c/a/2009/12/15/MNHJ1B49KH.DTL part 2.
• Salford L. G., et al., 2003. Nerve cell damage in mammalian brain after exposure to microwaves from GSM mobile phones. Environ. Health Perspect. 111:881-883. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12782486
Papers listed are only those where exposures were below 16V/m. Someone using a Wi-Fi-enabled tablet computer can be exposed to electromagnetic fields up to 16V/m. Papers are in alphabetical order. Thanks to wifiinschools
Some of the references to peer reviewed studies relating to exposure to WiFi
• Atasoy H.I. et al., 2013. Immunohistopathologic demonstration of deleterious effects on growing rat testes of radiofrequency waves emitted from conventional Wi-Fi devices. Journal of Pediatric Urology 9(2): 223-229. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22465825
• Avendaño C. et al., 2012. Use of laptop computers connected to internet through Wi-Fi decreases human sperm motility and increases sperm DNA fragmentation. Fertility and Sterility 97(1): 39-45. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22112647
• Aynali G. et al., 2013. Modulation of wireless (2.45 GHz)-induced oxidative toxicity in laryngotracheal mucosa of rat by melatonin. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 270(5): 1695-1700. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23479077
• Dasdag S. et al., 2014. Effect of long-term exposure of 2.4 GHz radiofrequency radiation emitted from Wi-Fi equipment on testes functions. Electromagn Biol Med. Epub ahead of print. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24460421
• Gumral N. et al., 2009. Effects of selenium and L-carnitine on oxidative stress in blood of rat induced by 2.45-GHz radiation from wireless devices. Biol Trace Elem Res. 132(1-3): 153-163. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19396408
• Gürler H.S. et al, 2014. Increased DNA oxidation (8-OHdG) and protein oxidation (AOPP) by Low level electromagnetic field (2.45 GHz) in rat brain and protective effect of garlic. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. Epub ahead of print. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24844368
• Havas M. et al., 2010. Provocation study using heart rate variability shows microwave radiation from 2.4GHz cordless phone affects autonomic nervous system. European Journal of Oncology Library Vol. 5: 273-300. http://www.icems.eu/papers.htm?f=/c/a/2009/12/15/MNHJ1B49KH.DTL part 2.
• Havas M. and Marrongelle J. 2013. Replication of heart rate variability provocation study with 2.45GHz cordless phone confirms original findings. Electromagn Biol Med 32(2): 253-266. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23675629
• Maganioti A. E. et al., 2010. Wi-Fi electromagnetic fields exert gender related alterations on EEG. 6th International Workshop on Biological Effects of Electromagnetic fields. http://www.istanbul.edu.tr/6internatwshopbioeffemf/cd/pdf/poster/WI-FI%20ELECTROMAGNETIC%20FIELDS%20EXERT%20GENDER.pdf
• Margaritis L.H. et al., 2013. Drosophila oogenesis as a bio-marker responding to EMF sources. Electromagn Biol Med., Epub ahead of print. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23915130
• Naziroğlu M. and Gumral 2009. Modulator effects of L-carnitine and selenium on wireless devices (2.45 GHz)-induced oxidative stress and electroencephalography records in brain of rat. Int J Radiat Biol. 85(8): 680-689. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19637079
• Nazıroğlu M. et al., 2012. 2.45-Gz wireless devices induce oxidative stress and proliferation through cytosolic Ca2+ influx in human leukemia cancer cells. International Journal of Radiation Biology 88(6): 449–456. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22489926
• Nazıroğlu M. et al., 2012b. Melatonin modulates wireless (2.45 GHz)-induced oxidative injury through TRPM2 and voltage gated Ca(2+) channels in brain and dorsal root ganglion in rat. Physiol Behav. 105(3): 683-92. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22019785
• Ozorak A. et al., 2013. Wi-Fi (2.45 GHz)- and mobile phone (900 and 1800 MHz)- induced risks on oxidative stress and elements in kidney and testis of rats during pregnancy and the development of offspring. Biol. Trace Elem. Res. 156(103): 221-229. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24101576
• Oksay T. et al., 2012. Protective effects of melatonin against oxidative injury in rat testis induced by wireless (2.45 GHz) devices. Andrologia doi: 10.1111/and.12044, Epub ahead of print. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23145464
• Papageorgiou C. C. et al., 2011. Effects of Wi-Fi signals on the p300 component of event-related potentials during an auditory hayling task. Journal of Integrative Neuroscience 10(2): 189-202. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21714138
• (Wi-Fi alters brain activity in young adults: http://wifiinschools.org.uk/resources/wifi+brain+July+2011.pdf)
• Salah M.B. et al., 2013. Effects of olive leave extract on metabolic disorders and oxidative stress induced by 2.45 GHz WIFI signals. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 36(3): 826-834. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23994945
• Sangun O. et al., 2014. The effects of long-term exposure to a 2450MHz electromagnetic field on growth and pubertal development in female Wistar rats. Electromagn Biol Med. Epub ahead of print. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24460416
• Shahin S. et al., 2013. 2.45 GHz Microwave Irradiation-Induced Oxidative Stress Affects Implantation or Pregnancy in Mice, Mus musculus. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 169: 1727–1751. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23334843
• Shahin S. et al., 2014. Microwave irradiation adversely affects reproductive function in male mouse, Mus musculus, by inducing oxidative and nitrosative stress. Free Radic Res. 48(5): 511-525. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24490664
• Tök L. et al., 2014. Effects of melatonin on Wi-Fi-induced oxidative stress in lens of rats. Indian Journal of Opthalmology 62(1): 12-15. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24492496
• Türker Y. et al., 2011. Selenium and L-carnitine reduce oxidative stress in the heart of rat induced by 2.45-GHz radiation from wireless devices. Biol Trace Elem Res. 143(3): 1640-1650. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21360060
A few more studies of similar microwave frequencies at low exposures (6V/m or below):
• Balmori A. 2010. Mobile phone mast effects on common frog (Rana temporaria) tadpoles: the city turned into a laboratory. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 29(1-2):31-35. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20560769
• Erdinc O. O. et al., 2003. Electromagnetic waves of 900MHz in acute pentylenetetrazole model in ontogenesis in mice. Neurol. Sci. 24:111-116. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14600821
• Fesenko E. E. et al., 1999. Stimulation of murine natural killer cells by weak electromagnetic waves in the centimeter range. Biofizika 44:737–741. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10544828
• Fesenko E. E. et al., 1999. Microwaves and cellular immunity. I. Effect of whole body microwave irradiation on tumor necrosis factor production in mouse cells, Bioelectrochem. Bioenerg. 49:29–35. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10619445
• Kesari K. K. and Behari J., 2009. Microwave exposure affecting reproductive system in male rats. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 162(2):416-428. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19768389
• Kesari K. K. and Behari J., 2009. Fifty-gigahertz microwave exposure effect of radiations on rat brain. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 158:126-139. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19089649
• Khurana V. G. et al., 2010. Epidemiological Evidence for a Health Risk from Mobile Phone Base Stations. Int. J. Occup. Environ. Health 16:263–267. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20662418
• Maier R. et al., 2004. Effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields on cognitive processes – a pilot study on pulsed field interference with cognitive regeneration. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica 110: 46-52. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15180806
• Nittby H. et al., 2008. Cognitive impairment in rats after long-term exposure to GSM-900 mobile phone radiation. Bioelectromagnetics 29: 219-232. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18044737
• Novoselova E. G. et al., 1998. Stimulation of production of tumor necrosis factor by murine macrophages when exposed in vivo and in vitro to weak electromagnetic waves in the centimeter range Bofizika 43:1132–1333.
• Novoselova E. G. et al., 1999. Microwaves and cellular immunity. II. Immunostimulating effects of microwaves and naturally occurring antioxidant nutrients. Bioelectrochem. Bioenerg. 49:37–41. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10619446
• Otitoloju A. A. et al., 2010. Preliminary study on the induction of sperm head abnormalities in mice, Mus musculus, exposed to radiofrequency radiations from Global System for Mobile Communication Base Stations. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 84(1):51-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19816647
• Panagopoulos D. J.et al., 2010. Bioeffects of mobile telephony radiation in relation to its intensity or distance from the antenna. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. Vol 86(5):345-357. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20397839
• Persson B. R. R. et al., 1997. Blood-brain barrier permeability in rats exposed to electromagnetic fields used in wireless communication. Wireless Networks 3: 455-461.
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